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Quantum logic gates represent certain quantum operations to perform quantum computations. Of those quantum gates, there is a category of classical behavior gates called quantum permutation gates. As a quantum algorithm, quantum permutation pad or QPP consists of multiple quantum permutation gates to be implemented both in a quantum computing system as a quantum circuit…

One Time Pad (OTP) is a cryptographic algorithm that is quite easy to be implemented. This algorithm works by converting plaintext and key into decimal then converting into binary number and calculating Exclusive-OR logic. In this paper, the authors try to make the comparison of OTP cryptography using KPI and KCT so that the ciphertext…

Classical cryptography is a way of disguising the news done by the people when there was no computer. The goal is to protect information by way of encoding. This paper describes a modification of classical algorithms to make cryptanalis difficult to steal undisclosed messages. There are three types of classical algorithms that are combined affine…

Vigenere Cipher is one of the classic cryptographic algorithms and included into symmetric key cryptography algorithm, where to encryption and decryption process use the same key. Vigenere Cipher has the disadvantage that if key length is not equal to the length of the plaintext, then the key will be repeated until equal to the plaintext…

The Nodes equipped with wireless technology cooperate in an autonomous and instantaneous way to form a mobile ad hoc network. It turns out that several factors make this type of network vulnerable to various security threats. Considering the sensitivity of user data routed through nodes, routing security should be a priority in mobile ad hoc…

Blockchain technology has proven to be the best solution for digital data storage today, which is decentralized and interconnected via cryptography. Many consensus algorithms can be options for implementation. One of them is the PoA consensus algorithm, which is proven to provide high performance and fault tolerance. Blockchain has been implemented in many sectors, including…

Educational organizations often need to distribute academic transcripts and certificates upon student’s request since they are mandatory for admission into new scholarly programs including placement activities. Manual procedures involved with the transmission process of academic document is indeed a tedious task that results in substantial overhead. Thus the necessity for an autonomous electronic system for…

The widespread presence of Coronavirus (COVID-19) is causing organizations and individuals major economics downsizing. The way this virus is transmitted from one individual to another is the real cause of the problem. For that, researchers in different fields started seriously looking for touch-less and contact-less exchange. Particularly in the finance world, cash transactions and keypad…

In this paper, a novel quantum transmission protocol which are based on the quantum no-key protocol is proposed. First, the quantum no-key protocol is discussed to show its important and its non-efficient on data transmission over quantum channel. Then, we improve it to carry many data bits via transmission. In addition, the error correction code…

The document describes the advancement of technology in commercial negotiations and functionality for various electronic transactions in Ecuador, with the aim of analyzing the blockchain and its adoption in managing e-commerce. The quantitative approach with a deductive and descriptive method has been used to identify the benefits in transactional activities and data security, both customers…

This paper proposes a new classification model distinguishing four classes of attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) namely: attacks based on the protocol stack, on the capability of the attacker, on the attack impacts and on the attack target. Then, it presents and classifies the most known attacks in WSNs based the proposed model. Simulations…

Knowing about different events in several Latin American countries, as well as in Ecuador, in relation to data alteration, in the different sectional voting processes, it has been necessary to carry out a security analysis provided by the systems of choice in the different sectional governments of the country. The objective of this study is…

To be able to perform a better voting system, it is important to go to ICT and its various platforms designed for electoral purposes, which are being used in several countries in Latin America. In Ecuador are being used digital mechanisms during the process, but with certain errors and he is being considered to implement…

Currently, information security is among the main characteristics that must be achieved within the security of private and public organizations worldwide. For this reason, globally recognized algorithms such as the AES, IDEA, RC5, DES, RSA are researched with the aim of identifying the most suitable and obtaining a greater degree of security and speed of…

Stream cipher can be used in constrained environments to provide information security and reduce energy expense at data transmission. In this paper, it is shown that Reed-Solomon (RS) code can be used to implement stream cipher, which is widely used for error corrections of data in transmission and storages. The proposed stream cipher combines the…

Cryptography is still developing today. Classical cryptography is still in great demand for research and development. Some of them are Vigenere Cipher and One Time Pad (OTP) Algorithm. Vigenere Cipher is known as the alphabet table used to encrypt messages. While OTP is often used because it is still difficult to solve. Currently there are…

In modern day technology, the Information Society is at risk. Passwords are a multi-user computer systems usual first line of defence against intrusion. A password may be textual with any combination of alphanumeric characters or biometric or 3-D. But no authentication protocol is fully secured against todays hackers as all of them are Static in…

In classical cryptography, the Hill cipher is a polygraphic substitution cipher based on linear algebra. In this work, we proposed a new problem applicable to the public key cryptography, based on the Matrices, called “Matrix discrete logarithm problem”, it uses certain elements formed by matrices whose coefficients are elements in a finite field. We have…