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Internet of Things (IoT) is changing the world through a new wave of revolution for communications technologies that are no more limited to the human being. One of the main challenges that result from the exponential spread of IoT technology is the difference in the traffic characteristics between classical human communications and advanced things communications.…

The Blockchain technologies enable decentralized networking consisting of large number of nodes. To determine the shared states and failures of all nodes in a fully distributed peer-to-peer system, the appropriate consensus algorithm needs to be selected for each Internet of Things system. In this paper, a novel hierarchical voting-based byzantine fault tolerance (HBFT) consensus algorithm…

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology that enables communication between everyday life using different sensor actuators that work together to identify, capture, and distribute critical data from the planet. Massive machines and devices are therefore linked and communicate with them. The use of resources in this area presents new challenges for this technology.…

IoT integrates and connects intelligent devices or objects with varied architectures and resources. The number of IoT devices is growing exponentially. Due to the massive wave of IoT objects, their diversity and heterogeneity among their architectures, the existing communication protocols for wireless networks become ineffective in the context of IoT. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has…

Manufacturing industry is facing several challenges in power quality and energy consumptions that play a significant role in the cost of goods sold in addition to the operational efficiency of manufacturing plants. The current techniques are not enough to manage the manufacturing processes from power perspectives as it is focusing only on the monitoring of…

The technological evolution and the frequent use of the Internet as a technology within the framework of the Internet of Things and Robotics has affected various fields such as Industry 4.0, smart agriculture, smart cities, home automation and autonomous cars. These advances applied to everyday life have facilitated the implementation of new concepts to minimize…

Due to the advent of cloud computing and Internet of Things, smart meters have become a crucial part of smart cities. Smart meters generate vast amounts of fine-grained data that can immediately provide useful information to electricity consumers, such as automatic billing, load monitoring, and dynamic time pricing. This will make the electricity consumers more…

The fifth-generation (5G) wireless system was implemented due to the massive connectivity, especially Internet of Things (IoT) including industrial automation, Vehicle to Everything (V2X) communications, which is shelter an extensive range of applications services and use cases and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). A cellular Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) based on radio resource allocation schemes need…

The Internet of Things (IoT) application has been experiencing increasingly progressive demand, especially for embedded devices (ED). However, the ED has limited capabilities, low power consumption resources, and low bandwidth in connecting to the Internet by using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Therefore, the WSNs form creates a necessity for new technologies and protocols for the…

With the advancements in technology, smart entities are becoming increasingly intelligent, therefore, increasing their interaction capabilities with their surrounding environment. Apart from the traditional smart low profile devices, these entities now involve cars, mobiles, televisions, and extend to universities and smart cities. One of the bi-product of the smart cities is the emergence of the…

Technologies are growing with the passage of time and providing solutions for the existing problems. One of such problems is to manage the crowd according to available capacity. Especially when the crowd density is dynamic because of dynamic position of the persons (Pilgrims). Not only dynamic position of the pilgrims makes crowd capacity dynamic but…

Digital twins act through application programming interfaces to their physical counterparts to monitor, model, and control them. Beyond these traditional functions of digital twins, they must also act to secure their physical counterparts. A multi-model scheme is presented to help digital twins towards the task of securing the physical system. Additionally, this work includes an…

The performance of indoor illumination control in many applications, such as in an intelligent building, relies on the quality of the light sensors. In many cases, the light level is not uniform and depends on the direction of the illumination source. It usually requires multiple sensors set up in different directions to gather the overall…

Long-range, Low-Power Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is a very scalable solution for the Internet of Things (IoT). Due to the air channel environment’s complexity, connectivity is a crucial parameter for successfully planning and deploying the IoT networks. Measurements and simulations have been used to evaluate LoRaWAN propagation models in the Urban environment, but it is…

Internet of Things provides a virtual view of real-life things by guiding challenges faced by persons in daily life. It is reforming our world with trillions of sensors and other IoT enabled devices by creating a smart environment. Effective use of IoT sensors in various smart IoT applications is very important. After analyzing different sensor…

Soil moisture is a fundamental factor for smart farming that is used to control the water management system. In this paper, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) small cell (UAV-SC) can provide Internet of things (IoT) as the hotspot mobility network, due to the minimum limitation energy of connected IoT. The development of ground sensor (GS)…

Wireless sensor network is highly resource constrained, where energy efficiency and network lifetime plays a major role for its sustenance. As the sensor nodes are battery operated and deployed in hostile environments, either recharging or replacement of batteries in sensor nodes is not possible after its deployment in inaccessible areas. In such condition, energy is…

With the advent of the Internet of Things Technologies (IOT), smart homes, and smart city applications, E-Nose was created. Almost of gas sensors consisting the electronic nose system suffer from cross sensitivity and lack of selectivity. Coupling smart gas sensors with artificial intelligence algorithms can thus empower conventional gas sensing technologies and increase accuracy in…

This research work mainly presents the design and development of a small-scaled wheeled robot, which can be controlled using multiple controlling interfaces using some new technological trends. Raspberry Pi 3 as the main controller, Python as the programming language integrated with the Robot Operating System (ROS) and Virtual Network Computing (VNC) for screen sharing are…

The internet of things has resulted in the design and development of many electronic sensors that need to be integrated with various technologies. Engineering academics need ongoing training relating to this integration as they need to subsequently teach their students. This relates to continuous professional development. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how…

In recent years, several projects which are supported by information and communications technologies (ICT) have been developed in the agricultural domain to promote more precise agricultural activities. These projects account for different kinds of key ICT terms such as internet of things (IoT), wireless sensors networks (WSN), cloud computing (CC). These projects are used for…

As an emergent technology in Internet of Things (IoT), the ultimate target of fog computing is to provide a widely distributed computational resources and data repository closer to the network edge providing heterogeneous systems both in terms of software and hardware. The fog system must have the capability to deal with huge number of resources…

The explosion in human population has left researchers scrambling for solutions on how to feed the world. Furthermore, rural-urban immigration has on the one hand left the farms in the rural areas devoid of farmers and on the other hand has left the urban areas over-populated. Hydroponics is a form of agriculture where crops are…

The technological advance as well as needs of human beings made that systems became more and more complex. In contrast, the use and creation of new modelling languages became simple and no more reserved for a handful of language experts. Consequently, many new practices of systems implementation emerged, among them, the use of different domain…

Plants are living organisms that can hear and recognize the environment around them but cannot communicate to inform their needs. Thus, in the past, humans thought that it was impossible to communicate with plants. However, in this modern era, humans can be able to communicate with these plants. In this paper, we propose a model…