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This investigation demonstrates the analysis of various layout arrangements for oscillator (OSC) realized by CMOS technologies. Moreover, the analysis reveals that the serpentine style of OSC stages attains the minimum output variation on silicon. This investigation is firstly verified by post-layout simulations, comparing the variation with different kinds of layout arrangement for OSC designs, including…

Electrostatic suspension systems have great potential applications in contactless transportation objects since they allow many different materials to be suspended. The electrostatic suspension will be widely applied in practice if the system cost is inexpensive. This paper presents an electrostatic suspension system controlled by using pulse width modulation (PWM). The use of PWM in electrostatic…