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Keyword: Bond
The Probe Mark Discoloration on Bond Pad and Wafer Storage
In this report, a probe mark discoloration with donut/circle shape was found. The corrosion formed on Aluminum bond pads. The SEM/EDS, TEM/EELS & AES surface techniques were used to identify this corrosion product. All these material analysis results pointed out the role of fluorine to this discoloration. The HAST testing, all the chip samples obtained…
Read More An Extension of Throughput Drop Estimation Model for Three-Link Concurrent Communications under Partially Overlapping Channels and Channel Bonding in IEEE 802.11n WLAN
The IEEE 802.11n wireless local-area network (WLAN) has been extensively deployed around the world due to the flexibility, lower cost, and the high-speed data transmission capability at 2.4 GHz ISM band. However, in the WLAN deployment, one key challenge is to optimize the channel assignment of access-points (APs) under the small number of partially overlapping…
Read More Enhancing Compressive Strength of Pervious Concrete for Use as Pavement Layer in Urban Roads Aper
South African Drainage and Stormwater Systems in urban roads has been of great concern, more so with recent flash floods in Gauteng and KwaZulu Natal Province in South Africa. Pervious concrete can be used to mitigate these challenges for urban roads. Pervious concrete is a concrete that contains no fines or only a small amount…
Read More Synthesis and Characterization of CN Thin Films Produced by DC-Pulsed Sputtering in an \(CH_3CH_2OH-N_2\) Atmosphere
This paper reports on the successful deposition of amorphous carbon nitride thin films (a-CNx). Samples were deposited using a DC-pulsed sputtering technique in CH3CH2OH-N2 atmosphere at constant pressure (1 Torr). Raman spectra were collected to investigate the bonding structure of the deposed thin films, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were…
Read More Leveraging Energy Efficiency Investments: An Innovative Web-based Benchmarking Tool
Energy Efficiency (EE) plays a key role in decreasing energy consumption at a European level, while it is considered as one of the most cost-efficient means to achieve carbon reduction and reinforce energy sufficiency and security. EE financing is imperative to implement measures that will lead to achieving the desired carbon neutrality and, thus, avert…
Read More Crystallinity and Hardness Enhancement of Polypropylene using Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Discharge Treatment
Atmospheric pressure plasma was used to treat polypropylene (PP) surfaces. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was used to determine the chemical species formed in the plasma as well as the electron temperature and density of the plasma. The flux of species (O and OH) produced during the plasma treatment interact with the polymer surface creating polar…
Read More A Novel Approach to Augment the Opto-Electronic Properties of Stannic Oxide (SnO2) Thin Films by Vanadium Doping
The Tin Oxide: Vanadium (SnO2: V) thin films have been deposited on glass substrates with various Vanadium concentration at a substrate temperature;500oC using microprocessor-controlled spray pyrolysis technique. The structural, compositional, morphological and optical analyses of the samples are characterized by XRD, EDAX, SEM and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The XRD analysis shows tetragonal rutile structure formation in…
Read More Experimental Investigation of RC Footings Resting on Sand Strengthened with Concrete Jacketing
An experimental study regarding structural strengthening of existing reinforced concrete footing was conducted on six full scale reinforced concrete footings, strengthened with concrete jacketing under concentric and eccentric loads. The footings had constant dimensions and flexural steel reinforcement which was designed to prevent brittle failure due to crushing of concrete before steel yielding. Concrete jacketing…
Read More Evaluation of Disadvantaged Regions in East Java Based-on the 33 Indicators of the Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration Using the Ensemble ROCK (Robust Clustering Using Link) Method
East Java province is a large province in Indonesia, in which Surabaya is the second largest metropolitan city after Jakarta. Various problems of development inequality in East Java have caused East Java to be defined as a disadvantaged area in 2015. The determination of disadvantaged regions is carried out every 5 years using 6 criteria…
Read More Search for New Potential Breast Cancer Inhibitors (MCF7) Based on Molecular Docking and Biological Assay of Pyrazoline Analogue Compounds
Cancer is the leading cause of death in world. Currently, there are no approved vaccines to avoid the spreading of this disease. Drug discovery have played important role for discover of new potent drugs that could efficiently and cost-effectively. Pyrazoline analogue compounds known to have good potency as anti-cancer. The aim of this study is…
Read More Perfect Molding Challenges and The Limitations “A Case Study”
Driven by today’s market demand, semiconductor is pushing towards the zero-defect direction. The improvement demanded in semiconductor manufacturing is becoming increasingly challenging. In this paper, common molding defects comprise of voids, incomplete fills, and piping holes are studied systematically, focusing on three key areas: 1) Potential mold flow weakness; 2) Molding temperature stability; as well…
Read More A prospective design of a social assistive electronic system for the elderly
Aging is a natural process that progressively introduces limitations in a person’s life, which can have dramatic effects on the person’s lifestyle and wellbeing and in most cases is related to the strength of the person’s social bonds with the family and friends group. Therefore, it is important to maintain these bonds in the various…
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