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South African Drainage and Stormwater Systems in urban roads has been of great concern, more so with recent flash floods in Gauteng and KwaZulu Natal Province in South Africa. Pervious concrete can be used to mitigate these challenges for urban roads. Pervious concrete is a concrete that contains no fines or only a small amount…

As the significance of new and renewable energy is highlighted, land-based solar power generation has seen remarkable progress. This study utilizes the Strength Reduction Method in DIANA, a numerical analysis software, to assess the stability concerning various variables, such as slope angle, water level, water depth, and changes in material properties, with a focus on…

Ladysmith is a major economic hub in the uThukela District Municipality. However, it has been experiencing floods almost every year which has resulted in the loss of lives and disruption of business activity within the Ladysmith Central Business District. The main objective of this study was to quantify the land use/cover changes before and after…

This paper studied the influence of using hybrid additives of Nano Clay (NC) and Marble Powder (MP) on the structural behavior of columns, in terms of ultimate capacity, axial strain, lateral strain, toughness, and failure pattern. For this purpose, ten column specimens were made from reinforced concrete (RC), either normal or high strength, and were…

In recent years water treatment methods under pressurized systems have been considered as the optimum high-rate filtration techniques. Unpressurized-slow sand filtration can be the cheapest and most efficient method, among others. This research aims to test the performance of a reliable seawater filtration system, using three different iterations. The filters have been designed considering many…

The present work focuses on the effect of adding gum Arabic on the setting time of cement pastes, workability, and compressive strength of concrete. For workability and compressive strength liquid gum Arabic was added to concrete mixes at ratios of 0.0% (control mix), 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% of the weight of cement. In addition, from 0.1%…

In this paper, a new polynomial shear deformation theory for the static flexural analysis of anisotropic rectangular thick plate was developed. The plate which carries a uniformly distributed load is clamped on the three edges, and free of support on the other edge (CCFC), is analyzed to determine the in-plane displacement, vertical displacement, bending moment,…

Many countries all over the world are promoting the recycled aggregate concrete for its advantage to solve the problem of shortage of natural resources in aggregates as well as promoting the recycling of waste and the reuse of materials. Recycled aggregate concrete replaces natural concrete with various rates of restitution of natural aggregates into recycled…

This paper presents the generalized integral transform method for solving flexural and elastic stability problems of rectangular thin plates clamped along and simply supported along remaining boundaries (x = 0, x = a) (CSCS plate). The considered plate is homogeneous, isotropic and carrying uniformly distributed transversely applied loading causing bending. Also studied, is a plate…

An experimental study regarding structural strengthening of existing reinforced concrete footing was conducted on six full scale reinforced concrete footings, strengthened with concrete jacketing under concentric and eccentric loads. The footings had constant dimensions and flexural steel reinforcement which was designed to prevent brittle failure due to crushing of concrete before steel yielding. Concrete jacketing…

This paper studied the bending analysis of an isotropic rectangular plate for the effects of aspect ratio, shear and deflection on the critical lateral load of the plates using the polynomial shear deformation theory (PSDT). One of the plate is clamped at opposite edge clamped and the other opposite edge simply supported (CSCS). The other…

The impact of Manufacture sand on UPV, compression strength and modulus of rupture has been experimentally investigated and discussed in this paper. Concrete grade 30 (30Mpa) were produced with different percentage of M sand substitution ranging from 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% by volume were selected as concrete mix design in this project. The strength…

Different types of air-to-air energy recovery technologies such as coil loops, heat pipes, sensible wheels, and total energy wheels are frequently incorporated in HVAC systems in an attempt to reduce energy consumption. This study examines the impact of various types of energy recovery technologies and capacity control strategies on a building’s cooling, heating, and fan…

Prior to the 19th century discovery of Portland Cement (PC), Lime Based Mortar remained popular due to its flexibility, permeability and more importantly, associated low carbon emissions. However, lime’s characteristic delayed setting/hardening time, low mechanical strength, poor internal cohesion and some volumetric changes have overshadowed significance of its outstanding features particularly, flexibility, and consequently put…

In the Moroccan seismic code, infill walls are considered as secondary elements and their lateral strength and stiffness are neglected in the design when considering horizontal seismic loads. In this article we propose to investigate the effect of infill on the seismic performance of the buildings. A 6-stories reinforced concrete frame building is investigated. The…

Unreinforced masonry (URM) wall is one of the oldest types of walls used around the world. During earthquakes, URM walls present a real danger to life safety due to their behavior characterized by a brittle failure caused by their feeble shear resistance to in-plane loads, which make their strengthening necessary. Numerous studies had been used…

In many countries and regions in the world, earthquakes are one of the most common natural disasters, which affect both human life and property. To avoid negative effects of earthquake, the nonlinear response of structures under dynamic loading should be accurately modeled to investigate their actual behavior under earthquake loading to ensure safe and sound…

Reinforced concrete (RC) structures are able to dissipate a large amount of energy during earthquake (EQ). RC structures designed to resist EQs must have enough strength and stiffness to prevent any possible collapse as well as to control deflection. Seismic codes include the response reduction/modification factor(R) in calculation of equivalent lateral forces used for EQ…

This is a comparative study on the behavior of a dual medium height building with different walls solutions, in a high seismic area (Bucharest, Romania). The main feature of those buildings is the placement of load bearing walls on the perimeter of the building. This is done to limit the lateral displacement when the structure…

The paper shows the influence of nonbearing masonry walls for medium rise framed buildings placed at higher stories but not at the ground floor. The building studied here is a hotel that will be built in Bucharest, Romania. This is a high seismic area according to the seismic codes in force. The structure is composed…

This was a study on the behavior of a confined masonry bearing wall in a medium height dual building. This wall had to be placed at one corner of the building. It had to be a masonry wall, not to be too stiff and drag the rigidity center too far from the building’s center. The…

This is a study on a confined masonry slender walls building in a high seismic area. The structure also contains frames, but the walls bear most of the gravity and seismic loads. The building will be used as a school. It will be built in Bucharest, Romania. It contains a ground floor and 2 stories…

This is a study on non-bearing masonry walls, in a high, reinforced concrete walls building. It will be built in Bucharest, Romania. This is a high seismic area. The building will be used as a dwelling. The structure is composed of a ground floor and 10 stories above. It is interesting to see the interaction…

This paper studied external-source-excited vibration response of double-bay multi-storey building frames for the effect of joint stiffening on bending moment and joint displacement. One of the frames has normal rigid joints. Three others of the frames have stiffened joints of stiffened lengths: 275mm, 425mm and 775mm respectively. Lumped mass system was the dynamic model adopted.…

The automation surveying is one of the most influential changes to surveying concept and profession has had to go through, this has taken effect in two major courses, hardware (instrumentation used in data collection and presentation), and the software (the applications used in data processing and manipulation). Automation is majorly computer based and just like…